{"id":40645,"date":"2025-05-20T06:00:15","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T06:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/?p=40645"},"modified":"2025-05-20T06:00:15","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T06:00:15","slug":"ab-ekonomisi-zorlu-bir-donem-yasiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/2025\/05\/20\/ab-ekonomisi-zorlu-bir-donem-yasiyor\/","title":{"rendered":"AB ekonomisi zorlu bir d\u00f6nem ya\u015f\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"
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AB, ekonomik sakinlik, ticarette par\u00e7alanma ve jeopolitik istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7eren y\u00fcksek riskli bir periyottan ge\u00e7erken, ABD ile gerilen alakalarla k\u0131tada devam eden ve d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131na girmek \u00fczere olan Rusya-Ukrayna Sava\u015f\u0131 Avrupa’y\u0131 kasvete sokuyor.<\/p>\n

ABD’de ba\u015fkanl\u0131k koltu\u011fundaki de\u011fi\u015fim Avrupa’y\u0131 da \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiledi. ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Trump’\u0131n \u00fcslubu ve s\u00f6ylemlerindeki kat\u0131l\u0131k Avrupa’da olumsuz alg\u0131lan\u0131rken, AB’ye aral\u0131kl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, ilgilerde kuvvetli bir periyodun ba\u015flamas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n

Yeni devirde AB, Trump’\u0131n ticaret ve savunma siyasetlerine odaklan\u0131rken, daha evvel m\u00fcttefik olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ABD ile olan yak\u0131n m\u00fcnasebeti erozyona u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n

TAR\u0130FELER<\/b><\/p>\n

Trump’\u0131n “\u00d6nce Amerika” yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla m\u00fcdafaac\u0131 iktisat siyasetleri uygulamaya ba\u015flamas\u0131, \u00e7elik ve al\u00fcminyum ithalat\u0131na y\u00fczde 25 g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi uygulanmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kararnamelerin kapsam\u0131na AB \u00fclkelerini de sokmas\u0131, Avrupa taraf\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa neden oldu.<\/p>\n

AB, ABD’nin g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n makul bir m\u00fcnasebetinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu durumda Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n haks\u0131z tedbirlerden korunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

ABD’nin g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileri getirmesinin ekonomik me\u00e7hull\u00fc\u011f\u00fc art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, global piyasalar\u0131n verimlili\u011fini ve entegrasyonunu bozdu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde olan Avrupa, Trump’\u0131n imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00fclkelere m\u00fctekabiliyet asl\u0131na dayal\u0131 g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileri uygulama plan\u0131n\u0131 da olumsuz kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131.<\/p>\n

AB, Trump’\u0131n \u00f6nerdi\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 tarifeler i\u00e7eren ticaret siyasetini yanl\u0131\u015f istikamette at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ad\u0131m olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcrken, h\u00fcr ve adil ticarete y\u00f6nelik haks\u0131z p\u00fcr\u00fczlere kar\u015f\u0131 derhal ve sert reaksiyon verilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece, AB, ABD’ye derhal misilleme yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ve ticaret sava\u015f\u0131na giri\u015fmekten \u00e7ekinmeyece\u011fi mesaj\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Trump’\u0131n, Rusya Devlet Lideri Vladimir Putin ile Ukrayna’da s\u00fcren sava\u015f\u0131n sona erdirilmesine ait bar\u0131\u015f m\u00fczakerelerine ba\u015flanmas\u0131 karar\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme s\u00fcrecine AB \u00fclkelerini dahil etmemesi ba\u011flant\u0131lardaki aray\u0131 daha da a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Rusya ile ABD ortas\u0131nda Ukrayna’da bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131na ait diplomatik m\u00fczakerelerin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir periyotta Avrupal\u0131 \u00fclkeler masada yer almak istiyordu. Lakin bu talep ABD taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Trump, Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin savunmaya gere\u011fince kaynak ay\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun derhal art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc de ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Halihaz\u0131rda, AB \u00fclkelerinin savunma harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n ortalamas\u0131 GSYH’lerinin y\u00fczde 1,9’u d\u00fczeyinde bulunuyor. Trump, NATO \u00fcyelerinden GSYH’lerinin y\u00fczde 5’ini savunmaya harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 talep ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bu mevzu da AB ile ABD ortas\u0131nda tansiyonu art\u0131ran \u00f6geler ortas\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. AB \u00fclkelerinin talep edilen savunma harcamalar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f d\u00fczeyini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00e7elerini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015ftirmeleri gerekecek. Bir\u00e7ok Avrupa \u00fclkesi halihaz\u0131rda y\u00fcksek kamu borcu ve b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131yla gayret ediyor. Yava\u015flayan ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme, n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrat kesmesi ve artan toplumsal maliyetler ortas\u0131nda daha fazla askeri harcama yapmak Avrupa \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7in kolay bir tercih olmayacak.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece, hem ticari hem de askeri mevzularda AB ile ABD ortas\u0131ndaki itimat m\u00fcnasebeti Trump’\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sars\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

AB YAVA\u015e B\u00dcY\u00dcYOR<\/b><\/p>\n

AB’nin ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi de son y\u0131llarda ABD ve \u00c7in ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hayli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seyrediyor. AB’nin kendi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda 2025 b\u00fcy\u00fcme beklentisi y\u00fczde 1,5 olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda da Avro B\u00f6lgesi’nin bu y\u0131l yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 1 civar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcyece\u011fi iddia ediliyor. Avrupa’n\u0131n ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmesindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fck, uzun vadede \u00e7ok daha bariz bir hal al\u0131rken, rakiplerle fark a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Avrupa iktisad\u0131 son 15 y\u0131lda ABD’nin \u00e7ok gerisinde kald\u0131. ABD bilhassa teknoloji ve dijital d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde s\u00fcratle ilerleyerek bu alanlarda \u00f6nc\u00fc pozisyona yerle\u015fti. Kelam konusu devirde ABD’nin GSYH’si y\u00fczde 70 artarken, AB’de bu oran yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 20 d\u00fczeyinde oldu. Bu fark son devirde \u00e7ok besbelli bir hal ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Avrupa \u00fcretkenlik ve rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcnde de \u00f6nemli kay\u0131p ya\u015fad\u0131. \u00dcretkenlik art\u0131\u015f\u0131 yava\u015f seyreden ve i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc maliyetleri s\u00fcratle y\u00fckselen Avrupa \u00fclkeleri, end\u00fcstride rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ABD ve \u00c7in \u00fczere \u00fclkelere k\u0131yasla yitirdi.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle AB son devirde geri kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 rekabet\u00e7ilik alan\u0131na da daha fazla odaklanmak istiyor.<\/p>\n

AB bu alanda, bilhassa b\u00fcrokratik s\u00fcre\u00e7leri azaltmay\u0131, yapay zeka \u00fczere alanlar ile teknoloji \u015firketlerine yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 art\u0131rmay\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7 maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeyi istiyor.<\/p>\n

Ancak AB’nin burada uygulamaya haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 her \u00f6nlem ve takviye paketinden \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ABD taraf\u0131 daha s\u00fcratle hayata ge\u00e7irebiliyor.<\/p>\n

BOR\u00c7 D\u00dcZEY\u0130 Y\u00dcKSEK<\/b><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca pek \u00e7ok AB \u00fclkesinin kamu borcu ve b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeylerde bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Birlik kurallar\u0131 uyar\u0131nca, \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin kamu bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n GSYH’lerinin y\u00fczde 60’\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n da GSYH’lerinin y\u00fczde 3’\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7memesi, belirlenen hudutlar a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uygulanacak \u00f6nlemlerin bildirilmesi ve faal u\u011fra\u015f\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Lakin AB \u00fclkelerinin de\u011ferli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli m\u00fcnasebetler ve yap\u0131sal problemler nedeniyle AB mali kurallar\u0131na uymuyor.<\/p>\n

Kamu borcu oran\u0131, Yunanistan, \u0130talya, Fransa, Bel\u00e7ika ve \u0130spanya’da y\u00fczde 100’\u00fc a\u015f\u0131yor. AB \u00fcyesi 13 \u00fclkenin kamu borcu ise y\u00fczde 60 sonunun \u00fczerinde seyrediyor.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, \u0130talya, Macaristan ve Romanya’n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi AB \u00fcyesi 10 \u00fclkenin b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 da y\u00fczde 3 sonunu a\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek kamu borcu ve b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131, AB \u00fclkelerin ekonomilerini canland\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ad\u0131mlar\u0131 ve muhta\u00e7l\u0131k duyulan savunma \u00fczere alanlara kaynak transferini da zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

ENFLASYON MAKSADA \u0130NMED\u0130<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, enflasyonla \u00e7aba s\u00fcreci global \u00f6l\u00e7ekte devam etti\u011fi \u00fczere Avrupa’da da s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Enflasyon oran\u0131 Avrupa’da da hala y\u00fcksek seyretmeye devam ediyor. Avrupa Merkez Bankas\u0131 (ECB) orta vadede y\u00fczde 2 enflasyon hedefliyor. Lakin Avro B\u00f6lgesi’nde son birka\u00e7 ayd\u0131r art\u0131\u015f e\u011filimi g\u00f6steren enflasyon y\u00fczde 3 d\u00fczeyine yak\u0131n seyrediyor.<\/p>\n

\u00a0GAZ F\u0130YATLARI Y\u00dcKSEK<\/b><\/p>\n

AB g\u00fc\u00e7te de \u00e7ok problemli bir periyottan ge\u00e7iyor. AB gaz depolar\u0131ndaki doluluk d\u00fczeyi son 5 y\u0131l\u0131n birebir periyodundaki ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 10 alt\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Mevcut durumda Avrupa’n\u0131n do\u011fal gaz depolar\u0131ndaki doluluk oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 50’nin alt\u0131na geriledi. Bu devirde gaz fiyatlar\u0131 hava s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seyretmesi ve depolardaki gaz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn azalmas\u0131yla son 2 y\u0131l\u0131n en y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu durum da Avrupa’n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6zmesi gereken \u00f6ncelik meseleler ortas\u0131nda yer almas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, elinde \u00e7ok fazla se\u00e7enek bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB) iktisad\u0131, mevcut yap\u0131sal s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ABD’nin yeni g\u00fcmr\u00fck tarifelerini i\u00e7eren ticaret ve harcamalar\u0131 y\u00fckseltecek savunma siyasetleriyle pek \u00e7ok s\u0131namay\u0131 birebir anda ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40646,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[82,435,4359,1880,670],"class_list":["post-40645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-abd","tag-avrupa","tag-donemde","tag-trumpin","tag-yuksek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40645"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40645\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40647,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40645\/revisions\/40647"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}