{"id":63496,"date":"2025-08-03T08:45:21","date_gmt":"2025-08-03T08:45:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/?p=63496"},"modified":"2025-08-03T08:45:21","modified_gmt":"2025-08-03T08:45:21","slug":"2-500-kavanozun-dibindeki-super-madde-bakin-ne-cikti-her-evde-var","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/2025\/08\/03\/2-500-kavanozun-dibindeki-super-madde-bakin-ne-cikti-her-evde-var\/","title":{"rendered":"2.500 kavanozun dibindeki s\u00fcper madde bak\u0131n ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: Her evde var"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130talya’da ke\u015ffedilen ve 2.500 y\u0131ll\u0131k kavanozlar\u0131n taban\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen yap\u0131\u015fkan unsur 70 y\u0131ld\u0131r gizemini koruyordu. Kimyasal tahliller sonucunda bu hususun ne oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu hususun ismi Bald\u0131. Antik devirlerde allaha adanan adaktan arta kalan tatl\u0131 bir kal\u0131nt\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Oxford \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden kimyager Luciana da Costa Carvalho liderli\u011findeki bir kimyager ve arkeolog grubu, son teknoloji ile bu macun k\u0131vam\u0131ndaki tatl\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011funa dair tahlillerde bulundu. Elde edilen sonu\u00e7larda, M\u00d6 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda kurulmu\u015f Paestum kentinde bulunan bu kavanozlar\u0131n asl\u0131nda i\u00e7erisinde bulunan unsurun petek oldu\u011funu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Antik Yunanlar\u0131n bal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcn besin olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6z eden Carvalho, ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 Journal of the American Chemical Society isimli bilimsel mecmuada yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n

ANT\u0130K DEV\u0130RDE EN KIYMETL\u0130 MADDE<\/b><\/p>\n

Bal ar\u0131lar\u0131 ve bal, antik Yunan ve Roma periyotlar\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da alanda kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. T\u0131pta, rit\u00fcellerde, kozmetikte ve besinde de\u011ferli bir yer tutuyordu. Bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc arkeologlar, 1954 y\u0131l\u0131nda yer alt\u0131ndaki bir tap\u0131nakta sekiz bronz kavanoz bulduklar\u0131nda, bu kaplar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn simgesi olarak bal i\u00e7erdi\u011fini ke\u015ffettiler. Lakin 70 y\u0131l uzunlu\u011funda en az d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 tahlil yapt\u0131lar. Bu hususun i\u00e7eri\u011fine dair bir delil bulamad\u0131lar.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Carvalho ve tak\u0131m\u0131 bu sefer son kimyasal tahlil tekniklerini kullanarak bu unsurun k\u00f6keninde dair ne oldu\u011funu buldular. Ara\u015ft\u0131ma grubu bunun i\u00e7in K\u00fctle spektrometrisi (mass spectrometry) tekni\u011fini kulland\u0131lar. Ve antik kal\u0131nt\u0131larda birinci defa sa\u011flam heksoz \u015fekerlerini tan\u0131mlamay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar. \u00a0Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya nazaran taze bal\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 79\u2019u heksoz \u015fekerlerinden olu\u015fuyor ve en bol olan\u0131 fruktoz.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6rnekte yap\u0131lan protein tahlili, personel ar\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi s\u00fct beyaz\u0131 bir salg\u0131 olan “ar\u0131 s\u00fct\u00fc\u201dn\u00fcn (royal jelly) izlerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Avrupa bal ar\u0131s\u0131 tipine (Apis mellifera) has k\u0131sa amino asit zincirleri olan birtak\u0131m peptitleri de tespit etti.<\/p>\n

BALI ASIRLARCA KORUYAN UNSUR ORTAYA \u00c7IKTI<\/b><\/p>\n

Bu tahlillerin tamam\u0131na dayanarak tak\u0131m, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n “B\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle petek bal olarak sunulmu\u015f bal\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair direkt molek\u00fcler deliller sundu\u011funu” s\u00f6yledi. Carvalho ise “Antik kal\u0131nt\u0131daki \u015feker \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f balla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda epeyce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck” oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Bu kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tad\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131kanm\u0131\u015f bal pete\u011fine benzedi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Carvalho, biraz da asidik oldu\u011funu ekledi.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yaln\u0131zca bununla sonlu kalmad\u0131. Bal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda bak\u0131r iyonlar da tespit edildi.\u00a0 Bu iyonlar mikrop \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 belirterek, “\u015eekerlerin y\u00fczeyde korunmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olabilirler”\u00a0 dedi. Bu ayr\u0131nt\u0131 ise bal\u0131n binlerce y\u0131l bozulmadan kalmas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bu yap\u0131\u015fkan hususun tahlili, arkeologlar\u0131n antik rit\u00fcel ve tap\u0131naklar\u0131 daha g\u00fczel anlamas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Kavanozlar, Paestum\u2019daki bir yer alt\u0131 tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131nda, yani bir heroon\u2019da bulunmu\u015ftu. Birebir tap\u0131nakta, \u00fcst\u00fcne y\u00fcn sar\u0131l\u0131 demir \u00e7ubuklar yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ah\u015fap masa da vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu adak, antik Yunan kenti Sybaris\u2019in efsanevi kurucusu say\u0131lan Helice\u2019li \u0130s\u2019e sunulmu\u015f olabilir. M\u00d6 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Sybaris y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, halk\u0131 buradan ka\u00e7arak Poseidonia isimli yeni bir kent kurdu. Lakin Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, M\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda kenti ele ge\u00e7irince ismini Paestum olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

Carvalho, \u201cBu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, m\u00fcze koleksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n yine tahlil edilmesinin ne kadar pahal\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor, zira analitik teknikler daima geli\u015fiyor” dedi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

70 y\u0131ld\u0131r ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bronz kavanozlar\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde bulunan unsur sonunda a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 2.500 y\u0131ll\u0131k kavanozlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu husus me\u011ferse uzak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir unsurmu\u015f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":63497,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[1999,749,2803,8052,620],"class_list":["post-63496","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-analiz","tag-antik","tag-bal","tag-carvalho","tag-madde"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63496","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63496"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63496\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63499,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63496\/revisions\/63499"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63496"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63496"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ikimisli.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63496"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}